Refining United Nations Security Council Targeted Sanctions

targeted sanctions of the security council and the right of the target individuals to a fair process

the evolution of the security council sanctions approach and its focus on individuals, groups and legal persons instead of states as traditional targets of the sanctions, and the procedures of adding a name to the consolidate list of a sanctions committee and removing it from that list without respecting the basic standards of the right to a fair trail or process, has provoked serious critics c...

Sanctions Sometimes Smart: Targeted Sanctions in Theory and Practice

This essay reviews the literature and origins of the targeted sanctions framework. The development of smart sanctions has solved many of the political problems that prior efforts at comprehensive trade sanctions had created. In so doing, the idea of smart sanctions served as a useful focal point for policy coordination among key stakeholders. Nevertheless, there is no systematic evidence that s...

United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization United Nations

Termites are the most important soil fauna in the Sahelian zone of Africa, intensely interacting with the soil. Both the biotic and abiotic state of the soil affect the termite population and activity. The construction by termites of nests, gallery systems or sheetings from soil or from a mixture of soil and other material within the soil horizons or on the soil surface affect the physical and ...

United Nations Environment Programme United Nations Human Settlements Programme

united nations convention against corruption

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